Improved speed simulation
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@ -1,15 +1,16 @@
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interface SimulationParameters {
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batteryCapacity: number,
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emptyVehicleWeight: number,
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driverWeight: number,
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additionalWeight: number,
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humanPower: number,
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averageSpeed: number,
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climateZone: string,
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dailyDistance: number,
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dailyAscendingElevation: number
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batteryCapacity: number;
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emptyVehicleWeight: number;
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driverWeight: number;
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additionalWeight: number;
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humanPower: number;
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speedLimit: number;
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climateZone: string;
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dailyDistance: number;
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dailyAscendingElevation: number;
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flatTerrainRatio: number;
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}
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function runSimulation(parameters: SimulationParameters): Simulator.SimulationResult {
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@ -21,9 +22,9 @@ function runSimulation(parameters: SimulationParameters): Simulator.SimulationRe
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vehicle.driverWeight= parameters.driverWeight;
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vehicle.additionalWeight = parameters.additionalWeight;
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vehicle.humanPower = parameters.humanPower;
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vehicle.averageSpeed = parameters.averageSpeed;
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vehicle.speedLimit = parameters.speedLimit;
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let solarIrradiance: number[] = climateData[parameters.climateZone.toLowerCase()];
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let planning = new Simulator.OutingPlanning(parameters.dailyDistance, parameters.dailyAscendingElevation);
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let planning = new Simulator.OutingPlanning(parameters.dailyDistance, parameters.dailyAscendingElevation, parameters.flatTerrainRatio);
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let simulationResult = Simulator.simulate(vehicle, solarIrradiance, planning);
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//console.log(solarIrradiance);
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@ -68,13 +69,15 @@ function initializeSimulator(container: HTMLElement) {
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driverWeight: Number((<HTMLInputElement>container.querySelector('[name=driver-weight]')).value),
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additionalWeight: Number((<HTMLInputElement>container.querySelector('[name=additional-weight]')).value),
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humanPower: Number((<HTMLInputElement>container.querySelector('[name=human-power]')).value),
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averageSpeed: Number((<HTMLInputElement>container.querySelector('[name=average-speed]')).value),
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speedLimit: Number((<HTMLInputElement>container.querySelector('[name=speed-limit]')).value),
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climateZone: (<HTMLSelectElement>container.querySelector('.zone-selector')).value,
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dailyDistance: Number((<HTMLInputElement>container.querySelector('[name=daily-distance]')).value),
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dailyAscendingElevation: Number((<HTMLInputElement>container.querySelector('[name=daily-elevation]')).value),
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flatTerrainRatio: Number((<HTMLInputElement>container.querySelector('[name=flat-ratio]')).value) / 100.0,
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};
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let simulationResult = runSimulation(parameters);
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console.log(simulationResult);
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let resultsContainer = container.querySelector('.simulation-results');
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@ -82,10 +85,17 @@ function initializeSimulator(container: HTMLElement) {
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let totalConsumedGridPower = simulationResult.cumulatedGridRechargeEnergy / simulationResult.vehicle.batteryEfficiency / simulationResult.vehicle.gridTransformerEfficiency;
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let solarRechargeRatio = Math.round(100*(simulationResult.cumulatedSolarRechargeEnergy/(simulationResult.cumulatedSolarRechargeEnergy + simulationResult.cumulatedGridRechargeEnergy)));
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let dailyDuration = parameters.dailyDistance / simulationResult.averageSpeed;
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let dailyDurationHours = Math.floor(dailyDuration);
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let dailyDurationMinutes = Math.round((dailyDuration - dailyDurationHours) * 60);
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resultsContainer.querySelector('.result-info').innerHTML = `
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<p>Il faudra recharger le vhélio sur secteur environ ${simulationResult.gridChargeCount} fois sur l'année.</p>
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<p>Cela coûtera ${Math.round(totalConsumedGridPower/1000*averageKwhCost*100)/100}€ sur l'année.</p>
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<p>Le vhélio sera rechargé à ${solarRechargeRatio}% par le soleil, ${100-solarRechargeRatio}% sur secteur.</p>
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<p>Cela coûtera ${Math.round(totalConsumedGridPower/1000*averageKwhCost*100)/100}€ sur l'année. Le vhélio sera rechargé à ${solarRechargeRatio}% par le soleil, ${100-solarRechargeRatio}% sur secteur.</p>
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<p><br/></p>
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<p>Vitesse moyenne : ${Math.round(simulationResult.averageSpeed*10.0)/10.0} km/h (${Math.round(simulationResult.flatTerrainSpeed*10.0)/10.0} km/h sur plat, ${Math.round(simulationResult.uphillSpeed*10.0)/10.0} km/h en côte, ${Math.round(simulationResult.downhillSpeed*10.0)/10.0} km/h en descente)</p>
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<p>Durée du trajet quotidien : ${dailyDurationHours}h ${dailyDurationMinutes}min. Distance annuelle : ${Math.round(simulationResult.cumulatedDistance)} km.</p>
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`;
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//<p>${Math.round(100*(simulationResult.cumulatedSolarRechargeEnergy/simulationResult.vehicle.batteryEfficiency) / simulationResult.totalProducedSolarEnergy)}% de l'énergie produite par le panneau photovoltaïque sera utilisée pour recharger le vhélio.</p>
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@ -31,7 +31,7 @@
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<div class="field-body">
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<div class="field has-addons">
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<p class="control is-expanded">
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<input name="additional-weight" class="input" type="number" min="1" value="70"/>
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<input name="additional-weight" class="input" type="number" min="1" value="50"/>
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</p>
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<p class="control">
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<a class="button is-static">kg</a>
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@ -160,12 +160,12 @@
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<div class="field is-horizontal">
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<div class="field-label is-normal">
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<label class="label">Vitesse moyenne (hors arrêts)</label>
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<label class="label">Contrainte vitesse (circulation, etc.)</label>
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</div>
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<div class="field-body">
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<div class="field has-addons">
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<p class="control is-expanded">
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<input name="average-speed" class="input" type="number" min="1" value="20"/>
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<input name="speed-limit" class="input" type="number" min="1" value="30"/>
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</p>
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<p class="control">
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<a class="button is-static">km/h</a>
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@ -173,6 +173,22 @@
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</div>
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</div>
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</div>
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<div class="field is-horizontal">
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<div class="field-label is-normal">
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<label class="label">Ratio de terrain plat</label>
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</div>
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<div class="field-body">
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<div class="field has-addons">
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<p class="control is-expanded">
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<input name="flat-ratio" class="input" type="number" min="0" max="100" value="75"/>
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</p>
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<p class="control">
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<a class="button is-static">%</a>
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</p>
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</div>
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</div>
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</div>
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</div>
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</div>
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</div>
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@ -1,4 +1,10 @@
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namespace Simulator {
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interface ConsumptionData {
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motorEnergy: number;
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humanEnergy: number;
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averageSpeed: number;
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}
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export class Vehicle {
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batteryCapacity: number;
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batteryEfficiency: number = 0.9;
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@ -12,12 +18,17 @@ namespace Simulator {
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additionalWeight: number = 0; // additional weight, not counting cyclist and empty vehicle weight, in kg
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humanPower: number = 100; // W
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averageSpeed: number = 20; // average speed in km/h, when the vehicle is moving (this is important, because driver does not provide power when stopped)
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speedLimit: number = 20; // average speed in km/h, when the vehicle is moving (this is important, because driver does not provide power when stopped)
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nominalMotorPower: number = 250; // W
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assistanceSpeedLimit: number = 25; // km/h
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motorConsumption(distance: number, ascendingElevation: number): number {
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consumption(distance: number, ascendingElevation: number, inOutConsumption: ConsumptionData) {
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if(distance <= 0)
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{
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return;
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}
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const g = 9.8;
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let totalWeight = this.emptyVehicleWeight + this.driverWeight + this.additionalWeight;
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let potentialEnergy = totalWeight * g * ascendingElevation; // Ep = m*g*h (result in Joules)
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@ -25,32 +36,35 @@ namespace Simulator {
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// empirical measures
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let baseConsumption = 13; // in Wh/km, when human power is 0
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let maxWeight = 300; // in kg
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let additionalConsumptionAtMaxWeight = 5; // in Wh/km (without accounting for ascending elevation, only accelerations and additional friction)
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let additionalConsumptionPerKg = 0.01; // in Wh/km per kg of total vehicle weight (additional losses due to increased friction, mostly independent of speed)
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let weightRelatedConsumption = MathUtils.clamp(totalWeight * additionalConsumptionAtMaxWeight / maxWeight, 0, additionalConsumptionAtMaxWeight);
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let requiredEnergy = Math.max(0, distance * (baseConsumption + totalWeight * additionalConsumptionPerKg) + potentialEnergy);
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let motorPowerLimit = this.nominalMotorPower;
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let tripDuration = (distance * (baseConsumption + weightRelatedConsumption) + potentialEnergy) / (motorPowerLimit + this.humanPower);
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let tripDuration = Math.max(0.0001, requiredEnergy / (motorPowerLimit + this.humanPower));
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let actualSpeed = distance / tripDuration;
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console.log("Max vehicle speed, according to available power: " + (Math.round(actualSpeed*10)/10) + " km/h")
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//console.log("Max vehicle speed, according to available power: " + (Math.round(actualSpeed*10)/10) + " km/h")
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if(actualSpeed > this.assistanceSpeedLimit) {
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tripDuration = distance / this.assistanceSpeedLimit
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motorPowerLimit = Math.max(0, ((distance * (baseConsumption + weightRelatedConsumption) + potentialEnergy) - tripDuration * this.humanPower) / tripDuration);
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tripDuration = (distance * (baseConsumption + weightRelatedConsumption) + potentialEnergy) / (motorPowerLimit + this.humanPower);
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let assistTripDuration = distance / this.assistanceSpeedLimit
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motorPowerLimit = Math.max(0, requiredEnergy/assistTripDuration - this.humanPower);
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if(motorPowerLimit + this.humanPower > 0)
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tripDuration = requiredEnergy / (motorPowerLimit + this.humanPower);
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actualSpeed = distance / tripDuration;
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console.log("Vehicle speed clamped by assistance speed limit, motor power limited to: " + Math.round(motorPowerLimit) + " W")
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//console.log("Vehicle speed accounting for assistance speed limit: " + (Math.round(actualSpeed*10)/10) + " km/h (motor power limited to: " + Math.round(motorPowerLimit) + " W)")
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}
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if(actualSpeed > this.averageSpeed) {
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actualSpeed = this.averageSpeed;
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if(actualSpeed > this.speedLimit) {
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actualSpeed = this.speedLimit;
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tripDuration = distance / actualSpeed;
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motorPowerLimit = Math.max(0, requiredEnergy/tripDuration - this.humanPower);
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}
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let humanEnergy = tripDuration * this.humanPower;
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let humanEnergy = Math.max(requiredEnergy, tripDuration * this.humanPower);
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return Math.max(motorPowerLimit * tripDuration, distance * (baseConsumption + weightRelatedConsumption) + potentialEnergy - humanEnergy);
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inOutConsumption.motorEnergy += Math.max(motorPowerLimit * tripDuration, requiredEnergy - humanEnergy);
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inOutConsumption.humanEnergy += humanEnergy;
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inOutConsumption.averageSpeed += actualSpeed;
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}
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solarPower(irradiance: number): number {
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@ -66,7 +80,7 @@ namespace Simulator {
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}
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export class OutingPlanning {
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constructor(public dailyDistance: number, public dailyAscendingElevation: number) {
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constructor(public dailyDistance: number, public dailyAscendingElevation: number, public flatTerrainRatio: number) {
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}
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getOuting(dayOfWeek: number, hourOfDay: number, outing: Outing) {
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@ -95,6 +109,14 @@ namespace Simulator {
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cumulatedSolarRechargeEnergy: number; // Cumulated energy added to the battery from the solar panel, in Wh of battery charge (actual generated power is slightly higher due to losses)
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totalProducedSolarEnergy: number; // Cumulated energy produced (used or unused), before accounting for the battery recharge efficiency.
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cumulatedMotorConsumption: number; // Cumulated energy consumed by the motor, in Wh. In this simulation, this is equal to the energy drawn from the battery.
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cumulatedHumanEnergy: number;
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cumulatedDistance: number;
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flatTerrainSpeed: number;
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uphillSpeed: number;
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downhillSpeed: number;
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averageSpeed: number;
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}
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export function simulate(vehicle: Vehicle, solarIrradiance: number[], planning: OutingPlanning): SimulationResult {
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@ -106,12 +128,45 @@ namespace Simulator {
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cumulatedGridRechargeEnergy: 0,
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cumulatedSolarRechargeEnergy: 0,
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totalProducedSolarEnergy: 0,
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cumulatedMotorConsumption: 0
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cumulatedMotorConsumption: 0,
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cumulatedHumanEnergy: 0,
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cumulatedDistance: 0,
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flatTerrainSpeed: 0,
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uphillSpeed: 0,
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downhillSpeed: 0,
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averageSpeed: 0
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};
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let remainingBatteryCharge = vehicle.batteryCapacity;
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let outing: Outing = { distance: 0, ascendingElevation: 0 };
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let consumption: ConsumptionData = { motorEnergy: 0, humanEnergy: 0, averageSpeed: 0 };
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let flatTerrainRatio = MathUtils.clamp(planning.flatTerrainRatio, 0.0, 1.0);
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if(planning.dailyAscendingElevation <= 0) flatTerrainRatio = 1.0;
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let flatDistance = planning.dailyDistance * flatTerrainRatio;
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consumption = { motorEnergy: 0, humanEnergy: 0, averageSpeed: 0 };
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vehicle.consumption(flatDistance, 0, consumption);
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result.flatTerrainSpeed = consumption.averageSpeed;
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let uphillDistance = planning.dailyDistance * (1.0 - flatTerrainRatio) * 0.5;
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consumption = { motorEnergy: 0, humanEnergy: 0, averageSpeed: 0 };
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vehicle.consumption(uphillDistance, planning.dailyAscendingElevation, consumption);
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result.uphillSpeed = consumption.averageSpeed;
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let downhillDistance = planning.dailyDistance * (1.0 - flatTerrainRatio) * 0.5;
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consumption = { motorEnergy: 0, humanEnergy: 0, averageSpeed: 0 };
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vehicle.consumption(downhillDistance, -planning.dailyAscendingElevation, consumption);
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result.downhillSpeed = consumption.averageSpeed;
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let dailyTripDuration =
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(flatDistance > 0 ? flatDistance / result.flatTerrainSpeed : 0)
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+ (uphillDistance > 0 ? uphillDistance / result.uphillSpeed : 0)
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+ (downhillDistance > 0 ? downhillDistance / result.downhillSpeed : 0);
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result.averageSpeed = planning.dailyDistance / dailyTripDuration;
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for(let day = 0; day < 365; ++day) {
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for(let hour = 0; hour < 24; ++hour) {
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@ -119,14 +174,20 @@ namespace Simulator {
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planning.getOuting(day % 7, hour, outing);
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let consumption = outing.distance > 0 ? vehicle.motorConsumption(outing.distance, outing.ascendingElevation) : 0;
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consumption.motorEnergy = 0; consumption.humanEnergy = 0; consumption.averageSpeed = 0;
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vehicle.consumption(outing.distance * flatTerrainRatio, 0, consumption);
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vehicle.consumption(outing.distance * (1.0 - flatTerrainRatio) * 0.5, outing.ascendingElevation, consumption);
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vehicle.consumption(outing.distance * (1.0 - flatTerrainRatio) * 0.5, -outing.ascendingElevation, consumption);
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result.cumulatedDistance += outing.distance;
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let production = vehicle.solarPower(solarIrradiance[hourIdx]) * 1.0; // produced energy in Wh is equal to power (W) multiplied by time (h)
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result.totalProducedSolarEnergy += production;
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let solarCharge = production * vehicle.batteryEfficiency;
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// TODO: we should keep a margin because real users will recharge before they reach the bare minimum required for an outing
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remainingBatteryCharge += solarCharge - consumption;
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remainingBatteryCharge += solarCharge - consumption.motorEnergy;
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let fullGridRecharge = false;
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if(remainingBatteryCharge > vehicle.batteryCapacity) {
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@ -142,7 +203,7 @@ namespace Simulator {
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result.gridChargeCount += 1;
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}
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result.cumulatedMotorConsumption += consumption;
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result.cumulatedMotorConsumption += consumption.motorEnergy;
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result.cumulatedSolarRechargeEnergy += solarCharge;
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result.batteryLevel[hourIdx] = fullGridRecharge ? 0 : remainingBatteryCharge;
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